traditional costume of indonesia
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Formal family portrait of former Indonesian's President B.J. Habibie. Women wear kain batik and kebaya with selendang (sash), while men wear jas and dasi (western suit with tie) with peci cap.
The national costume of Indonesia is the national costume that represents the Republic of Indonesia. It is derived from Indonesian culture and Indonesian traditional textile traditions. Today the most widely recognized Indonesian national costumes include batik[1] and kebaya, although originally those costumes mainly belong within the island of Java and Bali, most prominently within Javanese, Sundanese and Balinese culture.[2] Since Java has been the political and population center of Indonesia, folk costume from the island has become elevated into national status.
Indonesia Museum depicting traditional dresses of Indonesia. The picture shows the traditional wedding dress of Bali (left) and East Java (right) with other dresses from other provinces depicted in the background
As a multi-diverse country, Indonesia having more than 30 provinces, each has its own representation of traditional attire and dress from each province with its own unique and distinguished designs.
National costumes are worn during official occasions as well as traditional ceremonies. The most obvious display of Indonesian national costumes can be seen by the type of costumes worn by the President of Indonesia and the Indonesian first lady in many and different types of occasions and settings, and also worn by Indonesian diplomatic officials during gala dinners. Traditional weddings and formal ceremonies in Indonesia are also one of the important occasions in the country where the attire of the national costume of Indonesia is absolutely visible ranging from traditional to modern attire different from each region it is representing.
Traditional Indonesian clothing includes Balinese fashion.
Indonesia is the biggest island state in the world with over 70,000 islands. It is a multi-diverse state with over 30 provinces that have their unique traditional attires. Indonesian culture has been influenced by numerous religions including Christianity, Islam, Confucianism, Buddhism, and Hinduism for centuries now. Despite the foreign influence, various regions have preserved their indigenous cultures. Various ethnic groups including Toraja, Dayak, Dani, Asmat, and Mentawai among others are still wearing their traditional attires and practicing their ethnic rituals. Most Indonesians wear their traditional attires during traditional ceremonies or when attending official events. Some of the most common traditional attires in Indonesia include:
A Kebaya is a unique blouse-dress combination which originated from the Kingdom of Majapahit (present-day Indonesia). Kebaya is the traditional costume worn in Indonesia particularly the Balinese, Sundanese, and Javanese women. Kebaya is also common in the Philippines, Cambodia, Thailand, Brunei, Singapore, and Malaysia. Kebaya was designed as a means to make the Kemban (torso wrap which was worn by the aristocrats) more modest and acceptable to the Islam religion. The Javanese Kebaya was later adopted by the women from the Johor, Riau, and Aceh kingdoms as a means of expressing their social status. Kebaya is usually made using various sheer materials like polyester, silk or thin cotton adorned with floral-pattern embroidery.
Editorial credit: Zety Akhzar / Shutterstock.com.
A peci, also known as a kopiah or songkokis, is a cap worn by the Muslim men in Indonesia, Thailand, Philippines, Singapore, Malaysia, and Brunei. The black velvet cap, which resembles the Egyptian-Turkish fez, is a national headdress of Pakistan which was popularized by Sukamo. Peci was worn by numerous activists to demonstrate their national identity and nationalistic sentiments. Some of the nationalist movement activists who wore this headdress during the twentieth century include Agus Salim, Muhammad Hatta, and Sukamo. All male Indonesian presidents wear a peci with their official clothing.
Editorial credit: Bima Adhitya / Shutterstock.com.
A Kemben is a torso wrap commonly worn by the women from Bali and Java. Traditionally, the women wrapped a piece of cloth on their torso, secured and folded the edge, tie it using a rope and finally cover it with an angkin. Today there is a tailored kemben that is secured using zippers, straps or buttons like the western corsets. Traditionally, the Javanese women wore two pieces of cloths: a kemben (covering the upper part of their bodies) and a lower one which they wrapped around their hips. The Kemben is quite comfortable in the humid and hot Indonesian climate since it eases perspiration and ventilation. Before the introduction of a kebaya, the Kemben was the most common and popular female dress among Javanese women.
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